【since的八种用法详解】“since” 是英语中非常常见且灵活的一个词,既可以作为连词,也可以作为介词或副词使用。掌握它的不同用法,有助于更准确地理解和运用英语。下面将从八个方面对“since”的用法进行详细讲解,并通过表格形式进行总结。
一、表示“自从……以来”(时间状语)
用法说明:
“since + 时间点”表示从某个具体的时间点开始一直持续到现在。
例句:
- I have lived here since 2015.
- She has been working at the company since last year.
二、引导现在完成时的状语从句
用法说明:
“since + 一般过去时”常与现在完成时连用,表示动作从过去某一时间开始,一直持续到现在。
例句:
- He has studied English since he was a child.
- They have known each other since they met in college.
三、表示“因为,由于”(原因状语)
用法说明:
“since”可以引导原因状语从句,相当于“because”,但语气较正式。
例句:
- Since it is raining, we will stay indoors.
- Since you are tired, you should rest now.
四、表示“既然,考虑到”(让步或条件)
用法说明:
“since”也可用于表达一种让步或条件,意为“既然……就……”。
例句:
- Since you’re not coming, I’ll go alone.
- Since it’s your birthday, let’s celebrate tonight.
五、作介词,表示“自……以来”
用法说明:
“since”作为介词时,后面接时间点,表示从某一点开始。
例句:
- He has been absent since Monday.
- The meeting started since 9 a.m.
六、作副词,表示“从那时起”
用法说明:
“since”作副词时,通常放在句尾,表示“从那以后”。
例句:
- I saw her last week, and since then I haven’t heard from her.
- He left the company two years ago, and since then he has been working elsewhere.
七、表示“尽管,虽然”(在某些固定搭配中)
用法说明:
在一些固定表达中,“since”可表示“尽管”,但这种用法较少见,多出现在文学或正式语境中。
例句:
- Since he is young, he may not understand.(此句中“since”更偏向于“因为”)
- Since she was tired, she went to bed early.(同样更偏向“因为”)
八、在“it is/has been + 一段时间 + since + 过去时”结构中
用法说明:
这是“since”最常用的句型之一,用来表示“自……以来已经多久了”。
例句:
- It has been two years since we last met.
- It is three days since the storm passed.
总结表格:
序号 | 用法类型 | 结构示例 | 说明 |
1 | 表示“自从……以来” | I have lived here since 2015 | 强调时间起点 |
2 | 现在完成时状语 | He has studied English since he was a child | 与现在完成时连用 |
3 | 表示“因为” | Since it is raining, we will stay indoors | 相当于“because”,语气正式 |
4 | 表示“既然” | Since you’re not coming, I’ll go alone | 表达让步或条件 |
5 | 介词用法 | He has been absent since Monday | 后接时间点 |
6 | 副词用法 | I saw her last week, and since then... | 放在句尾,表示“从那以后” |
7 | 表示“尽管” | Since he is young, he may not understand | 较少使用,多见于正式语境 |
8 | “it is/has been + 一段时间 + since + 过去时” | It has been two years since we last met | 表示“自……以来已经多久了” |
通过以上八种用法的学习和练习,可以更全面地掌握“since”在不同语境中的使用方式,提高英语表达的准确性与灵活性。